IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS kha eng vânga thleng nge a nih?

By: Joseph Saia (Australia)

US President 39-na, Jimmy Carter-a term zawh dâwn kum 1979, November ni 4 khân Iran Revolutionary Guard Students-ho chuan Tehran khawpuia US Palai hmunpui (Embassy) chu an pâwng lâk a, chuta hnathawk mi 66 chu an hrêng ta phiar mai a. An mi hrênte zînga hmeichhia 13 leh mi hang ṭhenkhat chu kum 1979, November 19-20 khân chhuah an ni a, mi dang 52 erawh chu ni 444 chhûng ngawt an hrêng ta a ni. He Iran Hostage Crisis hian khawvêl ngaihven a hlawh hle a, Indopui pahnihna hnu lama khawvêl pum pui ngaihven ber chanchin a tling hial a ni. 

Iran Hostage Crisis a thlen chhan hi tam tak a awm a, tawi têin sawi tum ta ila. Khawvêl Indopui pahnihna hun lai kum 1941 September-ah khân Soviet Union leh Britain ṭangrual chuan Iran an rûn a. Hetih hun laia Iran ramlal Reza Shah-a chu Nazi Germany laka nêm lutuk nia an hriat avângin Reza Shah-a chu a lalna aṭangin an ban luihtîr a. South Africa rama râltlâna a awm hnu chuan a fapa Mohammad Reza Pahlavi-a chu a aiawhtu atân an dah ta a. Shah lal Mohammad Reza Pahlavi-a sawrkârna hnuaiah chuan Britain chuan Iran rama tuialhthei siamna hmun zawng zawng chu an thunun fai ta vek a. Britain chuan Shah lal hnênah pawisa tam tak a pêk avângin British sumdâwnna sawisêltu leh duh lote rêng rêng chu Shah lal chuan SAVAK an tih Secret Police  hmangin a dah bo hmak hmak zêl mai a ni.

Iran ram chu khawvêla tuialhthei hausa ber ram a ni a; mahse, a ram mipuite chuan an ram hausakna chu a thêm tê pawh an liak pha ve lo va, Kumpinu sawrkârin Iran hausakna thau dawh tâwka a sâwk nghek nghek chu an uipui tui lian thlîr vêl ta mai mai a ni. Iran sawrkâr laka Kumpinu a tlaktlum zêl loh nân a hun laia Iran Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh-a chuan kum 1953 khân sawrkâr thuneihna chu pawng lak a tum ta a. Shal lal Mohammad Reza Pahlavi-a paihthlâk a nih chuan Iran rama tuialhthei zawng zawng an thunun thei tawh dâwn lo tih an hriat avângin US leh British intelligence-te chuan ‘Operation Ajax’ hmangin Iran rama mipui thlan lal dik tak Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadeq-a chu an phiar ru a, kum 1953 khân sipai chakna hmangin an paihthla ta a, sawrkâr thuneihna chu lal Shah kutah a awm leh ta a ni. 

Kum 1963 aṭangin lal Shah chuan ‘The White Revolution’ hmangin ram dinhmun siam ṭhat a tum ta a. Mahse, a thil tum chu Shah chhûngkaw lalna tihngheh tumna hmarua mai niin mi tam tak chuan an ngai a. The White Revolution duh lohna lantir nân Iran rama rorêlna siam ṭhat duhtu pâwlte chuan kawng an zawh ta mup mup a. Lal Shah chuan mipui kawngzawhho tudawl tûrin secret police SAVAK pâwl a tîr a, kawngzawh huaihawttu zînga a challang ber Ayatollah Khomeini-a pawh tân inah hrêng a. A lo chhuah leh hnu chuan Revolution chhunzawm tumin hma a la leh a, SAVAK pâwlten man tuma an veh fo avângin a tâwpah chuan ram pawnah râltlâna a awm bo a lo ṭûl ta hial a ni. 

Iran mipuite chuan an ramlal Mohammed Reza Pahlavi-a chu chhang khama an kham tawh avângin kum 1979, January ni 16 khân a lalṭhuttheng aṭangin an paihthla ta a, chumi hnu chuan Iran rama lal chhûngkua (Shah Family) rorêlna chu a lo tâwp ta a. Mipui thinur lak aṭanga a sahimna zawngin lal Mohammed Reza-a chu Aigupta ramah a râltlân ta a. Chutih lai chuan sakhaw hruaitu hmingthang tak, kum 15 zet ram pawna an hnawhchhuah tawh Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini-a chu kâr hnih hnuah Paris aṭangin ram chhûngah a lo ve thung a. Chumi hnu chuan Iran ram chu Islamic Republic ram tiin an puang ta a. Tichuan, Iranian Revolution ameizanghlaptu leh Revolution meisî chhi alh-a tinungtu Ayatollah Khomeini-a chu ram hruaitu lû ber a lo ni ta bawk a. 

Iran mipuiin an hnawhchhuah lal tlâwm ta Shah chuan cancer natna a vei avângin America rama inenkawl tûrin phalna a ni a. America sawrkâr chuan a dîlna chu kum 1979, October 22 khân a lo pawm ta a. Hei hian Iran mipuite a tithinur lehzual a, US chunga an thinurna lantîrna atân Iran zirlaite chuan Tehran khawpuia US Palai hmunpui chu luhchilhin chuta thawk mi 66 lai chu an hrêng bet ta a. Chu chu Iran Hostage Crisis lo chhuahna leh bul inṭanna chu a lo ni ta a ni. 

President Carter-a chuan chûng an mi hrênte chu chhanchhuah tumin ruahmanna a siam nghâl ta chûk chûk a. November ni 7-ah President Carter-a chuan an mi hrênho an chhuah theih nân Attorney General hlui Ramsey Clark-a leh Senate Intelligence Committee staff director William Miller-a te chu Iran ram hruaitute nêna dawhkan kîla remna thu sawi ho tûrin Iran ramah a tîr a; mahse, a palai tirhte chu hetih hun laia Iran Revolutionary hruaitu ropui leh thiltithei tak Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini-a chuan a lo hmu duh îkhaw lo va, a tukkhum chhah a lo chhawn a. 

A beisei anga thil a kal loh avângin President Carter-a chu a talbuai hle mai a. Tihngaihna vak a hriat loh avângin November 14-ah US ram chhûnga Iran neih sum leh ro zawng zawng (asset) chu khawih chêt theih lohin a dah ta vek a. The United Nations Security Council chuan December ni 4, 1979 khân resolution siamin US mi leh sa an hrên zawng zawng chu a bo a bang awm lova chhuah vek tûrin Iran hruaitute a vau a. UN International Court of Justice pawhin December 25-ah US embassy-a an mi hrênte chhuah vek tûrin a ngên bawk a; mahse, an ngenna leh vaukhanna chu vut laka vawih ang chauh a ni si a.

President Carter-a chuan Iran hruaitute vaukhan nân April ni 7, 1980 khân Iran sawrkâr nêna an inzawmna zawng zawng a chhu chat fai ta vek a. America ram chhûnga Iran ram palai (diplomats) zawng zawng pawh America ram chhuansan vek tûrin a hriattîr nghâl bawk a ni. Dawhkan kila inbiakremna hmanga hma lâk theih a nih loh avângin President Carter-a chuan sipai chakna hmanga chhanchhuah hna thawh mai chu kawng awm chhun leh duhthlan tûr awm chhûn niin a hria a. Tichuan, kum 1980, April 25 khân Iran rama an mi hrênte chhanchhuak tûrin mission Operation Eagle Claw a din ta a. Chu mission hming chuan US sipai zînga an chhuanvawr leh ṭha elkhen mi 8 chu Iran rama a rûkin a tîr a. Mahse, vânduaithlâk takin chûng sipai chhuantawlawlte chu an helicopter nêna an thlawh laiin bungraw phûr thlawhtheihna nên an insu palh hlauh mai a, tu mah dam chhuak awm lovin an thi fai vek a, President Carter-a pawh a mualpho hle a ni. 

President Carter-a chuan hma lâkna dang siam lehin Deputy Secretary of State Warren Christopher-a leh a hote chu Iran hruaitute nêna inremna siam tûrin Algeria ramah a tîr a. Warren Christopher-a pâwlte leh Iran ram hruaitute chuan November 1980-January 1981 chhûng khân inremna thu an sawi a. US-in a ram chhûnga Iran neih sum leh ro zawng zawng khawih chêt theih lohva a hrên chu hlip vek tûra thu a intiam hnu chuan Iran pawhin an mi hrên zawng zawng chhuah zalên an tiam ve ta a.  Tichuan, kum 1981, January ni 19 khân ram pahnih inkârah sa ui tan-in remna thu an ziak thei ta a. Ronald Reagan-a’n President ni tûra thu a tiam zawh chiahin Iran Revolution Guard-te chuan an mi hrên zawng zawng chu intiamkamna eng mah awm lovin an sezawl chhuah ta vek a. Germany ram, Wiesbaden Air Base-a an thlawh luhpui hnu chuan ni 444 chhûng buaina 444-Day Iran Hostage Crisis pawh chu kum 1981, January 20 khân a tâwp ve ta nghâl a ni.