Scientist ropui Albert Einstein-a chanchin (1879-1955)

 

“A hundred times every day I remind myself that my inner and outer life depend on the labors of other men, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving.”(Albert Einstein)

By: Joseph Saia

Khawvêl scientist ropui leh fing bera ngaih Albert Einstein-a hian khawvêla thil inlaichîn dân tam tak a hmu chhuak a, a thil hmuh chhuah zînga General and Special Theory of Relativity leh Modern Physics tia kan hriat lâr Quantum Mechanics te avângin khawvêl hriat a hlawh phah a. A thil hmuh chhuah zînga ropui ber Mass-Energy-Equivalence (Formula E=mc2) hmanga Photoelectric Effect a hmuh chhuah avângin kum 1921 khân Noble Prize in Physics a dawng nghe nghe a ni. Einstein-a hian E=mc2 hmangin theory tam tak a duang chhuak a, chûng zînga a lâr zualte chu: 

1. Quantum Theory

2. General Theory of Relativity     

3. Special Theory of Relativity 

4. Photoelectric Effect     

5. Bose-Einstein Statistics     

6. Einstein-de Haas Experiment     

7. Mass-Energy-Equivalence

8. Einstein Field Equations te an ni.

Scientist ropui tak a nih hma aṭang rêngin Isaac Newton-a thil hmuh chhuahte chu bengsik tak meuh meuhvin a ngaihtuah ṭhîn a. Newton-a thil hmuh chhuahte chu tûnlai khawvêl nên inmil tawh lova hriatna a nei tlat a. A bik takin electromagnetic filed-ah Newton mechanics law hman tlâk a ni tawh lo a ni tih a hmu chhuak a, chuta ṭang chuan Special Theory of Relativity hi a duang chhuak ta a ni. Principle of relativity aṭangin gravitational fields pawh hmuh chhuah belh zel theih a ni tih a hmu chhuak a. Kum 1916-ah khân theory of gravitation a ziahna “General Theory of Relativity” tih Paper a tichhuak nghe nghe a ni. 

A hnuah Statistical Mechanics leh Quantum Theory inlaichîn dân a zir chiang a, chu zirchianna aṭang chuan Particle Theory leh Motion of Molecules-te pawh a hmuh chhuah belh zêl a. A thil hmuh chhuah tawh sa aṭangin ‘Êng’ hnathawh dânte pawh a chhui zêl a, ‘Êng’ hnathawh dân mak tak ‘Photon Theory of Light’ pawh a hmu chhuak bawk a ni. Kum 1917-ah khân Einstein-a chuan a thil hmuh chhuah Relativity Theory hmangin leilung leh a chhûnga chêngte inkungkaih dân a takin a finfiah a. He a thil hmuh chhuah ropui tak avâng hian mite ngaihsan a hlawh a. Mite hriat ngai loh thil mak tak tak a taka a finfiahna chuan khawvêla scientist ropui ber nihna khumtîrin kum zabi 20-naa physicist ropui ber tia koh a ni nghe nghe a ni. 

Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler-a’n kum 1933-a Germany rama thuneihna a chan hnu lawk khân Berlin Academy of Science-ah professor hna a thawk a. Germany rama Juda-ho tihduhdahna a inmun chhoh lai tak khân Einstein-a chu America ramah a zin a. Nazi-ho kuta a thih mai a hlauh avângin Germany-ah lêt tawh lovin America ramah a awm hlen ta a ni. Kum 1940-ah America khua leh tui nihna a hmu a. Indopui pahnihna a thlen hma deuh khân nuclear bomb siamchhuah nâna ruahmanna neih a ṭûl thu President Franklin D. Roosevelt-a bengzehin lehkha a thawn a. President Roosevelt-a pawhin Einstein-a thurâwn chu ngai pawimawhin nuclear bomb siam chhuak tûrin hma a la nghal a, Manhattan Project a din nghâl ta a ni.

Einstein-a hian Ṭangrual sipai (Allied Forces)-te thlawp mah se, indonaa nuclear râlthuam hman kher erawh a thlawp lêm lo. Nuclear bomb hnathawh hlauhawmzia a hriat chian êm avângin Britist philosopher Bertrand Russell-a nên pawh nuclear râlthuam hlauhawmzia sawi dûnin ‘Russell-Einstein Manifesto’ an siam a. Hei hi nuclear râlthuam chungchânga thuthlunna leh intiamna an siam hmasak ber a ni. 

Einstein-a hian science zir nân a hun pum pui a hmang a, a thih kum 1955 thleng khân Princeton, New Jersey-a Institute for Advanced Study-ah professor hna a thawk a ni. Scientific papers 300 chuang a tichhuak a, science nêna inkungkaih lêm lo paper 150 lai a ziak bawk a. A tumruhna leh beidawng lova a beihna chuan khawvêla scientist ropui berah a hlangkai ta a ni.