U.S President Thomas Jefferson

                          U.S. President Thomas Jefferson
                           (April 13, 1743-July 4, 1826)

 By: Josephsaia
   
“I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.”  (Thomas Jefferson)

A chanchin tlangpui:
 

U.S. President zinga mi fing leh ropui, mite fak leh chawimawi hlawh nasa ber chu President Thomas Jefferson-a hi a ni. U.S. President zinga President pathumna a ni a, kum (1801-1809) thleng khan U.S. President nihna a chelh bawk a.
 

America-in zalenna a puan khan zalenna dan fel taka siam a ni a, chu dan chu Declaration of Independence tia koh a ni. He dan hi kum 1776-a siam a ni a, Declaration of Independence dan siamtute zingah Thomas Jefferson-a chu Principal Author of the Declaration of Indepedence tia koh a ni bawk. Declaration of Independence dan siamtute leh America hmasawnna leh ram dinhmun siamthatute chu Founding Fathers tia koh an ni a, heng Founding Fathers-te zingah pawh hian Thomas Jefferson-a chu ‘pa ber’ tia koh a ni bawk. Politic lama mi thiam filawr a nih avang te leh khawvel thil leh sakhuana lama mi fing leh hming thang tak a nih avangin Britain leh France mi ropui leh mi fing thian tam tak a nei a, mi tam tak chuan ‘political philosopher’ tiin an ko va, President Abraham Lincoln-a meuh pawhin, “Jefferson-a hi America history siamtute zinga mi danglam leh langsar ber politician a ni e,” tiin a sawi nghe nghe a ni.

President Jefferson-a hian khawpuia thiltih dante leh khawpui inkaihruai dante a duh lova, a bik takin sum leh pai puktirtute chungah rinhlelhna lian tak a neih avangin Republican Government dan khauh tak siama sawrkar din chu a tum lian ber a ni. Kohhran leh Politic thiltih inchawhpawlh/ inhnamhnawih duh lo mi a ni a, America Revolution reh hnua Church of England-in Viginia State-a Anglican kohhran din a tum pawh khan a do nasa bertu a ni nghe nghe a, kum (1779-1786) khan Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom tih lehkha ropui tak a ziak a ni. President Jefferson-a hian a ngaihtuahna zau tak atangin sawrkar inkaihhruai dan leh ram inawp dante a dinchhuak a, chu a sawrkar dinchhuah chu mi tam takin Jeffersonian Democracy tiin an ko a ni. Kum zabi 18-a English pasal Francis Bacon-a Isaac Newton-a leh John Locke-a lehkha ziakte chuan a nun an hneh hle a, an thuziah atangin sawrkar inkaihhruai dan tam tak a zirchhuak a, heng mite hian mi ropui dinhmunah an hlangkai a ni. President Jefferson-a hi Democratic- Republican Party dintute zinga mi pawimawh tak mai a ni a, Republican party hian kum 25 zet America politics a fanchhuak a, mi tam zawkte innghahna party pawh a ni bawk.  American Revolution tantirh khan Virginia atanga Continental Congress member a ni a, indo lai tak khan Virginia Governor nihna a chelh bawk a, kum (1779 June 1- 1781 June 3) thleng khan chu nihna chu a chelh a. Indo a reh hnu kum 1784 khan Paris khawpui, France-ah sawrkar palai hna (diplomat) a thawk bawk a, 1785 atang khan United States Minister to France nihna a chelh nghal bawk.

Kum (1789-1793) thleng khan President George Washington-a hnuaiah U.S. Secretary of  States hna a chelh a, Secretary of States hmasa ber a ni bawk. A thian James Madison-a nen Democratic-Republican Party an din hnu khan President Washington-a Secretary atang a bang a, Federalist Party atanga John Adams President a nih khan Jefferson-a chu Vice President-a thlan a ni. President John Adams-a leh Federalist pawlten Alien and Sedition Acts an siam chu dodalin a thian Madison-a nen a rukin Kentucky and Virginia Resolution Dan an siam a. Kum 1797-1801 thleng khan U.S. President nihna a chelh bawk a.

President a nih hnu chuan ‘Republicanism in the United States’ tih thupuia hmangin America khua leh tuite hmasawnna tur leh zalenna atan nasa takin hna a thawk a, U.S. President nihna a chelh chhunga a thiltih ropui berte chu Louisiana Purchase (1803) leh Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) leh New York khawpui West Point-a United States Military Academy a dinte an ni a, President nihna a chelh chhungin America leilung chu a let hnih dawnin a tihzauh hman a ni. President term hnih a chelh chhung hian buaina tam tak a hmachhawn a, a bik takin Britain leh France indona avanga Embargo Laws a siam chuan America economic nasa takin a tichhia a, hemi avang hian President term dang a tling zo ta lo a ni.

President Jefferson-a hian a finna leh thiamna hmanga thil ropui tak tak a tih avangin chawimawina leh lawmman pawh tam tak a dawng a, a dinchhuah ropui tak chu University of Virginia hi a ni. President John F. Kennedy-an White House a luah tum pawh khan, “He White House-ah hian mi fing leh mi ropuite hriatna leh thiamna leh ngaihtuahna zawng zawng a fuankhawm vek a, hmun zahawm leh hmun ropui ber a ni. He In ropuiah hian Declaration of independence ziaktute zinga President Thomas Jeferson-a pawh khan khawhar takin amah chauhvin chawihlui a lo kil tawh thin a ni,” tiin a hmaa President-te hriatreng nan a sawi a ni.

President Thomas Jefferson-a hian President nihna term hnih zet a lo chelh chhuak a, he term hnih chhung hian Congress-in bill a siam chungchangah a President nihna (veto power) vawikhat mah a hmang lo a ni. A finna leh thimna a zau em avangin leh a ram mipuite a hmangaih em avangin “Man of the People” leh “Sage of the Montecello” tih chawimawina a dawng a,  President nihna a chelh chhunga President dinhmun a chawikan avangin mithiam (scholar)-te chuan U.S. President-te zinga mi ropui ber an ti hial a ni.
 

Pian leh murna:
 

Thomas Jefferson-a hi Shadwell, Goochland County, Virginia-ah April 13, 1743 khan a piang a, unau sawm zinga a pathumna a ni. A pa Peter Jefferson-a chu huan siam mi a ni a, a nu Jane Randolph-i pawh lawng captain fanu a ni bawk. Thomas Jefferson-a hian pipu inthlahchhawn dan chhut buai vel a tui loh avangin a pu bak hriat engmah a nei lo.
 

A pa Peter Jefferson-an kum 1757 khan a thihsan a, a ro zawng zawng chu a fapa pahnih Thomas-a leh Randolph-a ten an insem a. Thomas-an a pa ro a chan chu acres 5,000 laia zau lo ram leh huan a ni a, chu hmunah chuan sal 40 laiin hna an thawk reng a ni. Kum 21 anihin a pa ro a khawm chu uluk takin a enkawl chhunzawm ta a, kum 1774 khan a sal chhawrte chu mi 41 chiah an ni a, hei hi sal chhawr zat chhinchhiah hmasak ber a tliang hial a ni.

Zirna:

Naupang te a nihin zirtirtu pakhat hnuaiah lehkha a zir a, kum 1752 khan Scottish Presbyterian enkawlna hnuaia sikul pakhatah a kal ve ta a. Kum 9 a nihin Latin, Greek leh France tawngte a zir tawh a, a zirlai subject mai abakah sakawr chung chuan te, thing kung leh thlai chanchin te, ramsa chanchin leh fanghmir chanchin thlengin a zir a. Kum 1758-1760 thleng khan Gordonsville, Virginia bul lawka Rev. James Maury-a boarding sikulah a kal leh a, chutah chuan History, Science leh Music lam te a zir bawk a.

Science lam tui mi a nih avangin thil thar hmuhchhuah leh zawnchhuah nuam a ti a, ramsa chi hrang hrang leh thlai chanchinte pawh nasa takin a zir a, zu chanchin na lamin a zir tel vek a ni. Ramsa leh tlai chanchin bakah khawl siam lam pawh nasa takin a zir a, a khawl bungraw siamchhuah zingah (lehkhabu dahna) revolving book-stand, Sanapui (Great Clock), cipher wheel leh swivel chair, moldboard plow leh polygraph, (Ke-a kal hlat zawng tehna) Pedometer te hi miten an hmang tangkai hle a ni.
 

Kum 16 mi anihin Williamburg khawpuia William & Mary College-ah a kal a, chutah chuan a nun kawng kaihruaitu tura mi pawimawh tak ukil Professor George Wythe-a nen an intawng ta hlauh mai a. He college-ah hian Mathematics, Metaphysics leh Philosophy subject-te a zir a, Greek, France leh violin tum dan subject-te pawh a zir tel bawk a.
 

Jefferson-a hi a naupan lai atang rengin mi ninhlel leh harh ve tak mai a ni a, mi tum ruh leh a thiltihna kawng reng rengah hlawhchham duh ngai lo, beisei tur a awm loh pawha beidawng duh ngai hauh lo mi a ni a. A zirnaah pawh hian a thiamthei ber a ni fo a ni. Sikul naupang thiamthei tak a nih avangin a zirlai chu kum 2 lekah a zo fai ta vek mai a, kum 1762 khan Degree pakhat chu a sualchhuak ta mai a. Professor Wythe-a kuthnuaiah Law clerk hna a thawk a, he mi hun lai hian dan chungchang leh politic lam lehkhabu tam tak a chhiar hman a, English pachal Francis Bacon-a leh Isaac Newton-a ziak Classics lehkha ropui tak takte pawh tam tak a chhiar bawk a.
 

Thomas Jefferson-a hian lehkhabu a ngaina hle a, a hmuh tawh phawt chu hmiah miah lovin a chhiar zel a, a duh zawng lehkhabu reng reng chu sum tam tak sengin a lei zel a, a lehkha khawl zawng zawng chu Monticello-a a library ropui takah uluk takin a vawnghim vek a ni. Amah mimala a khawlkhawm mai abakah a pa library atanga a rochhun lehkhabu zawng zawng leh Professor Wythe-a hnen atanga a dawn zawng zawngte pawh a library-ah chuan a dahkhawm vek a. Britain-in kum 1814-a Library of Congress an hal tum khan lehkha chhiar tur reng reng a awm tawh lova, chutah Thomas Jefferson-a chuan a lehkha khawlkhawm sangruk lai chu bu khawtah $ 4 in a leitir ta ringawt a. Library of Congress-a a lehkhabu khawl zawng zawng a hralh hnu chuan a khua a har em em mai a, thian tha kawm anga a lo kawm a lehkhabu hmuh tur an awm tawh loh avangin John Adam-a hnenah, “Lehkhabu tel lo chuan ka nung thei hlawl lo,” tiin lehkha a thawn nghe nghe a ni. Zirna leh thiamna ngaisang mi anih avang leh hriat duh leh zir duh tam tak a neih avangin lehkhabu a hmuh apiang a lei zel a, a nun pumpui chu lehkha zir nan a hmang ta a ni. 
 

A nupui fanaute
 

Hun rei tak Ukil hna a thawh hnu chuan nuthlawi hmeltha pian thiam kum 23 mi Martha Wayles Skelton-i nen  January 1, 1772 khan an innei a, kum 10 chhungin fa 6 an nei a, pali chu an naupan laiin an boral a, Martha leh Maria te chauh hi puitling thlenga dam chhuak an ni. A nupui Martha-i hi mi fing tak leh mite khawngaih thei tak a ni a, lehkha chhiar zau tak a ni bawk. Nu fel leh hawihhawm tak anih ang bawkin mahni inchhung vawngfel tak mi a ni a, thiantha pawh a ngah hle a ni. Music lam tui tak a ni bawk a, Thomas Jefferson-an nena an intawn dan pawh music khawvel atang niin a chhanchin chhui miten an sawi a, Martha-i nen hian violin pawh an tum duh fo thin a ni. 
 

Martha-i pa, John Wayles-a chu 1773 khan a boral a, a pa chuan Thomas Jefferson-a nupa chu acres 11,000 zeta zau lo ram leh sal 135 zet mai a rochuntir a, a leiba dawn tur zawng zawng pawh an nupa kutah a hlan vek a ni. Fa paruk an neih hnu chuan a nupui Martha Jefferson-i chuan zunthlum a vei a, nau a chhiat avangin leh a fahrinte chuan a natna an tizual a, a fanu naupang ber Martha-i pian hnu lawk, September 6, 1782 khan kum 33 mi niin a pasal chu a thihsan ta a.
 

Jefferson-a chuan a nupui chu a sun nasa hle a, a khua a harin a tuar thiam lova, a thih hnu kar thumnaah a room chhunga inkharkhungin chaw a nghei a, amah pawh a chauh phah hle a ni. A nupui thlan thlawhin a kal fova, a nupui hnenah chuan, “Engtikahmah nupui dang ka nei leh ngai tawh lovang,” tiin a intiam nghe nghe a ni.
 

The Declaration of Independence
 

Kum 1775, June thlaa American Revolution War a chhuah khan Thomas Jefferson-a chu Second Continental Congress member a ni a, Congress member-ah a unau pa Samuel-a leh John Adam bak hriat a nei mumal lo va. Mahse John Adam-a nena thiantha an nih hnuin America Declaration of Independent dan chu an duang ta a. Kum 1776, June thla khan Congress chuan Independent Danpui (Resolution of Independent) ziak tur  mi panga thlanchhuah nise tiin thuchhuah a siam ta a. Chutianga Independent Dan pawimawh tak zam tura Congress-in thutlukna a siam hnu chuan John Adam-a chuan Thomas Jefferson-a chu mi panga zinga pakhat ni turin a rawt nghal a. John Adam-a chuan Danpui zamtu atan Thomas Jefferson-a ni se, dan tesep erawh chu committee-in zam mai ni se tia a rawhna chu tawmpui turin palaite chu a thlem a. Committee-in ngun taka a ngaihtuah hnuin Thomas Jefferson-a chu Danpui zamtu atan an ruat ta a. Thomas Jefferson-a chuan a mawhphurhna a kova tla chu hreh hle mah se tihpuitlin ngei ngei a beisei a, hun chep tak karah Virginia Constitution leh George Mason-a ziak The Virginia Declaration of Rights te a ennawn leh vek a, a thiante pawh vawi tam tak a rawn bawk a. Ni sawm leh pasarih chhungin Declaration of Independent Danpui chu a zam zo ta mai a. A famkim lo leh hleineih deuhte chu Benjamin Franklin-an a siamtha bawk a, engkim zawh fel a nih hnuin “A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress assembled,” tih thupui vuahin June 28, 1776 khan Congress-ah an hlangkai ta a.
 

July 2, 1776 khan Congress member-te chuan vote thlakin paih ngai an paih a, an dan siam zinga an ngaihmawh ber Sal sumdawnna dan an paih chu Thomas Jefferson-an pawi a ti hle a, mahse mipui hmaah vawikhatmah a sawi chhuak lo.  July 4, 1776 khan Congress chuan siamthat ngaite siam tha in palai kalkhawmte chuan hming sign-in an delhkilh ta a.
 

Virginia state legislator leh Governor nihna a chelh
 

America-in July 4, 1776-a Independent a hmuh hnu khan a pianna Viginia-ah a kir leh a, Albermarle County bial awp turin Virginia House of Delegates atana nemnghet nghal a ni a. September 26, 1776-June 1, 1779 thleng khan Virginia Delegate a ni a, mahse ram buai avangin kum rei tak a thawk thei ta lova. Kum 1778-a Thomas Ludwell Lee-a thih avangin Thomas Jefferson-a chu Virginia inawp dan endik leh tura mawhphurhna pek a ni a, kum 3 chhungin dan 126 a duangchhuak hman a, zirna leh khawtlang inrelbawl dan tam tak a siamtha bawk a, miten an ngaisangin a hming pawh a thang chak hle a ni.
 

Kum 36 a nihin Legislature rorelna sang pahnih chuan Virginia Governor atan a nemnghet a, kumkhat a thawh hnuin thlannawn leh a ni. A term hnihnaah chuan Virginia state khawpui chu Williamburg atang Richmond-ah a sawn ta a. Heng hun lai hian America leh Britain-te chu an la indo reng tho va, kum 1780 khan Richmond khawpui chu British sipai kut ata chhanhim tumin theih tawp a chhuah a, mahse Defense lama sipai hruaitu Sampson Matthew-a leh a sipaite an rawn thlen tlai avangin Richmond khawpui chu a chhanhim zo ta lo a ni. Richmond khawpui a tlawm hnu chuan Thomas Jefferson-a pawh a huan zau tak awmna hmun Poplar Forest-ah a raltlan a, chutah chuan a chhungkuate nen thal khat zet an khawsa a, mi tam takin Governor dawihzep tiin an dem nasa hle a ni.
 

Kum 1781, June thla khan General Assembly chuan Staunton, Virginia-ah meeting thu turin a ko va, hruaituten zawhna tam tak an zawh hnuin Governor mawhphurhna hlen zo lo nia an hriat avangin a term leh atan a tling ta lo a ni.
 

Member of Congress
 

America-in 1783 Revolutionary War-a Britain a hneh tak avangin Britain nen inremna thuthlung (Peace Treaty) an siam ta a. Chuveleh America chuan Congress of the Confederation a din nghal a, Jefferson-a chu Virginia Delegate atana thlan a ni. (Congress of the Confederation hi mithenkhat chuan Continental Congress tiin an ko bawk).
 

Congress member a nihna atangin America pawisa rate siam a rawt a, pawisa lama ram dang nena sumdawntawhna (Foreign exchange rate) pawh mumal taka siam a rawt bawk a, a rawtna chu nemngheh nghal a ni. Congress huaia committee tenau zawk Committee of the States pawh din turin a rawt a, mahse hei hi chu a takin a hlawhtling thei ta lo va. Congress member a nih chhunga a thiltih ropui ber chu sal sumdawnna a titawp tura hma a lakna hi a ni. He dan hi America Danpuiah awm kher lo mah se Jefferson-a hian a do tlat a, sal sumdawnna kawnga a ngaihdante pawh lehkhabu tam tak a ziak a. A hnuah France rama Foreign minister hna chelh tura tirh a nih avangin Congress member nihna chu a bansan ta a.
 

France-ah Foreign Minister hna a thawk
 

A nupui Martha’n a thihsan hnu chuan a khua a harin a lung a leng em em mai a, A thian tha John Adams chuan inkaihlum hial a duh ang tih a hlauh avangin France rama minister hna thawk tura tirh mai chu thil tha zawk niin a hria a. Kum 1785 khan France ramah minister hna chelh tura tirh a ni a, 1785-1789 thleng khan France ramah foreign minister hna a chelh a.
 

August 6, 1784 khan a fanu upa ber Patsy tia a koh thin Martha leh a rawngbawlsaktu tur a sal zinga chawhmeh siamthiam ber James Hemings-a chu hruaiin Paris khawpui a pan ta a, nili an cham hnu chuan a thian hlui Benjamin Franklin-a hmu turin Passy-ah a kal a, an hlim tlang hle a ni. France rama Jefferson-a thlen hnu rei lo te ah Benjamin Franklin-a pawh United States lama haw turin a inbuatsaih nghal a, Passy hmuna inthlahna an buatsaih hnu chuan July 12, 1785 khan America ah a lo kir leh ta a.
 

Jefferson-a chuan Paris khawpui chu nuam a ti hle a, an in ropui sak dan te leh a chhung a pawn an cheibawl dante chu ngun takin a zir a, Paris mi hausa leh mi ropui tak takte nen zanriah kil dunin an zu tha tha te pawh America-a hawn a tum thu a sawi chamchi a ni. Jefferson-a hian buai taka a hun hman chu nuam a ti ber a, a nupui avanga a lungngaihna leh mittuite pawh a hul fel der ta mai a, chutianga hun zalen tak a hman ve chhung chuan Britain atanga khualzin lo kal, lehkha zir sang leh music lama  a tuipui em em Maria Cosway-i nen thlaruk zet an inkawp a, Jefferson-an hmangaihin nupui atan hial duh mah se pawmlai nei a nih avangin Britain-ah a hawsan ta zawk a, London a thlen hnu thlengin a theihnghilh thei lova, a lungleng awmngaihna hre lo chuan thumal 4,000 zet ziakin lehkha a thawn ta a, chu lehkhathawn chu “Dialogue of the Head vs. the Heart” tia hriat lar a ni a, a hnu zelah pawh Maria nen inzawmna tha tak an nei zel a ni.
 

France rama a awm lai chuan France Revolution bul a intan tawh a, France politicians hmingthang tak takte pawhin America rama buaina a chinfel dan leh ram kalphung a siamfel dante an zawh fova, Jefferson-a chuan, “the natural process of things is for liberty to yield, and government to gain ground,” tiin a lo chhang mai zel a ni.
 

Secretary of States hna a chelh
 

September 1789 khan France atangin a fanute pahnih Maria, Martha leh a sal rualte nen an lo haw a. Chuveleh President Washington-a chuan a Cabinet minister zinga Secretary of State hnachelh thurin lehkha a thawn a. Chu sawmna chu ngai pawimawhin Jefferson-a chuan lawm takin a pawm a.
 

Secretary of State hna a chelh chhung (1790-1793) hian indonaa cheng hman chungchangah leh bank kal vel dan chungchangah Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton-a nen nasa takin an inhnial a, President Washington-a hnenah pawh Democracy ram pian hlim siamtha tura bank hnathawh dan humhalh turin thurawn a pe a, chu a thurawn chu vawin thleng hian Democratic Party chuan a la enthawn chhunzawm zel a ni.
 

A hnuah chuan Hamilton-a leh Federalist pawlte do nan James Madison-a nen anti-administration party an din ta a, chu party chu a tirah Democratic-Republican tih a ni a, a hnuah chuan Republican tih a lo ni ta a. James Madison-a leh political campaign manager John J. Beckley-te nen theihtawp chhuahin hna an thawk a, Hamilton-a leh Federalist pawlte a do nasa em avangin President Washington-a meuh pawh a thinrim hle a, a cabinet minister nihna tanga bantir hial a tum a, mahse Jefferson-a chu a mahin a inhnukdawt ta zawk a, Jefferson-a thiltih chu President Washington-a pawhin ngaihdam har a ti a, chumi avang chuan vawikhat mah a be leh ngai tawh lo a ni.
 

1796 Election-ah Vice Presidency nihna a chelh
 

Kum 1796 khan Republican atangin Presidential candidate a ni a, mahse John Adams a hneh tak loh avangin Vice President nihna a chang ta zawk a. Heng hun laia Vice president hna ber chu Senate rorelna kaihhruai a ni. Inkaihhruina mumal tak a awm zel theih nan dan lehkhabu tam tak a chhiar a, British parliament rorelna dan a chhiarte pawh hlawmkhata siamin Parliamentary pocket Book tiin hming a phuah a.
 

Kum 1776 khan Continental Congress inkaihhruaina dan siam tura pawhphurna pek a ni a. Vice President anihna atangin Senator inthlan dan tur leh inrel dan turte pawh a duang tel bawk a.
Vice President hna a chelh chhung hian buaina tam tak a tawk a, John Adams leh Federalist-te nen nasa takin an inbei a. John Adams leh Federalist ten Alien and Sedition Acts an siam chu Democratic-Republican rahbehna tur niin Jefferson-a chuan a hmu tlat a, a thian Madison-a nen theih tawpin an do let a ni.
 

Presidency term khatna
 

Thomas Jefferson chuan America president nihna chu a term khatna atan March 4, 1801 khan intiamkamna thuthlung a siam a. Party campaign laiin Aaron Burr-a nen theih tawp chhuahin hma an la a, Opposition party Federalist te nen nasa takin an inchapchar a. House of Representatives-ah hian Federalist member chu a tam  zawk ni mah se Jefferson-a chuan ballots 36-in electoral vote a hmu tam zawk a, Congress chuan electoral vote angin February 17, 1801 khan Jefferson-a chu President atan a hlangkai a, Burr-a pawh Vice 

President atan hlangkai a ni bawk.
 

Chief Justice John Marshall-a hmaah thu intiamkamna siamin Washington DC, Capitol-ah President nihna chu hlan fel a ni a. Ahmaa John Adams leh President Washington-a ten President Inauguration an siam ang lo takin amah chauhva sakawr chung chuangin a lo kal a, a thawmhnaw pawh mi pangai takin a inbel bawk a.
 

Amah thlawptu mipui tam takin an lawmpui mek laiin Opposition lam erawh chuan deuhsawnna tawngkam na tak tak an hmang a, President thar Jefferson-a chu ‘Negro President’ a ni tihte in hming an phuahsak a. President term khatah hian sawrkar kal dan tam tak a siamtha hman a, chu zinga a lar zual deuhte chu National bank, sipai lam leh chhiah pek dan (Federal Taxation System) te an ni.
A term khata  a thiltih langsar ber chu April 30, 1802-a Union kuthnuia Ohio state a dah kha a ni. Chu bakah Ohio state chu Northwest Ordinance chhunga sal sumdawnna khapbet hmasak berna state-ah a siam bawk a, hei hian state dang danga sal sumdawn khapbetna kawng a hawng a, America history-a thil pawimawh leh chhinchhiahtlak a ni bawk.
 

Louisiana Purchase & Lewis and Clark Expedition
 

Kum 1802 khan France-in ram a luah New Orleans ram leilung lei turin James Monroe leh Robert R. Livingstone-a chu Paris khawpuiah a tir a. Jefferson-a thian, France mi zahawm tak Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nenours-a tanpuina avangin Napoleon-an New Orleans chu $ 15 milllion-in America a leitir ta a.
 

Kum 1803 laihawl khan Britain leh Napoleon-a sipaite chu nasa takin an indo va. France-in a luah ram zau tak chu leibelh zel turin Jefferson-a chuan thutlukna a siam a. Pacific Tuipui rala ram zau tak Louisiana lei turin Meriwether Lewis leh William Clark-a te a chu kum 1804 khan a tirchhuak leh a. (Louisiana tih hi France tawng chuan Louisiane tih a ni a, France ram ri 828,800 sq miles/ 2,147,000 km2-a zau a ni. Kum 1803 khan Napoleon-a hnen atangin US- in $ 60 mil/ Fr.$ 11, 250,000 in a lei a, tuna America States 14 te leh Canadian Province 2-te an tel a ni. Kum zabi 17 vel atang khan ram tinin mahni ram ri tihzauh duhna thinlung an nei lian em em a, President Thomas Jefferson-a pawh hian Pacific Tuipui rala U.S. ram ri zauh beiseiin Lewis-a leh Clark-a te a tirchhuak a, hemite pahnih kaltlanga America ram zauh a nihna chu Lewis and Clark Expendition tia koh a ni.)
 

December 20, 1803 khan New Orleans leilung atangin France flag chu hlihthlak a ni a, America flag thar zar nghal a ni bawk. America in ram leilung a lei thar chu fangchhuak a, a ram leilung awm dan leh a mihring chengte chanchin zir turin Jefferson-a chuan geography leh science lama mithiam Lewis leh Clark-a te chu mawhphurhna a pe a. November 1805-ah Lewis leh Clark-a te chu Pacific Ocean an thleng a, kumkhat dawn ram an fan hnuin kum 1806 September khan an lo haw a. An thil hmuh leh hriat zawng zawngte President hnena an thlen hnu chuan President pawh a hlimin a lawm hle a, America ram a zauh zel duh avangin Louisiana ram leilunga chengte chu Implied Power hmangin full citizenship a pe ta mai a, mi tam takin sawisel mah sela a ram awp danah a awlsam phahin remchanna tam tak a siamsak nghe nghe a ni.
 

Presidency term hnihna
 

Jefferson-a hian President term hnihnaah harsatna lian tak tak a tawk a, Europe rama indona avangin Britain nena an indawrna pawh a tlahniam hle a. President term khatnaah khan Napoleon-a nen tluang takin an indawr thei a, mahse Napoleon-an kum 1805, Austerlitz indona-a hnehna a chan hnu khan a rilru a khauh telh telh a, President Jefferson-a nen pawh an inbe thei tawh lova. Chumi avang chuan Jefferson-an kum 1807 khan Embargo Acts a siam ta nghe nghe a. (Europe indonaah France leh Britain-te chu nasa takin an inbei a, chu inbeihnaah chuan America chu tan bik nei lovin Neutral-in a ding ang tih dan siam a ni a, chu dan chu Embargo Acts tia koh a ni.) Embargo Acts avang chuan America-in ram dangah a leilung chhuak thil reng reng a thawnchhuak thei tawh lova, leilet miten an ram leilung chhuak an hralh theih tawh loh avangin America economics pawh chawplehchilhin a tlahniam nghal a. Mi tam takin Embargo Acts chu mimal thuneihna hmanga siam niin an ngai a, ram pumpuia harsatna a thlen avangin mi tam takin an duh lova, he dan avang hian President term hnihnaah a tlak  phah nghe nghe a ni. President a nih chhung zawngin Alexander Hamilton-a leh Federalist-te nen nasa taken an indo va, Hamilton-a nen pehi chuan political chungchangah kum 14 zet hmelma angin an inbei a ni.
 

University of Virginia
 

President nihna a chawlhsan hnu chuan khawtlang thiltihna leh mipui rawngbawl hna lamah a inhmang ta a. A tum lian ber chu zirna sikul din a, zirna kaltlanga society tha din a ni.
 

Kum 1819 khan University of Virginia a din a, a hun lai chuan North America-a University lian ber a ni a, a library pawh a hun laia library lian leh ropui ber a ni bawk. A University sak dan tur leh a room chhung sem dan tur zawng zawng pawh amahin a relbawl vek a, faculty leh zirlaite khawsakna tur te, zirna room tur te leh compus pawn lama tualzawl hmun nuam tak takte pawh fel takin a ruahman vek a, a compus plan siam chu “Academical Village” tiin a ko nghe nghe a.
 

A hun hnuhnung leh a thin dan
 

Kum 1825 hnu lam chuan a hriselnain hniam lam a pan tan a, a upat lamah luruhseh na te, zun dawt tha lo te leh chuap natna ten an tlakbuak a. Kum 1826 phei kha chuan pawnah pawh chhuak thei tawh lovin mahni inchhung lumah a inkhung a. Sal tam tak nei mi hausa chhungkua atanga seilian ni mah se a thin dawnin a kutah sum reng reng a lo nei lova, leiba rulh tur a neihte a ngaihtuahna chuan a rilru an tibuai a, a tawpah  a chenna ram leh Personal library-te a hralh a, a bungraw neih zawng zawng leh a salte chu mipui hmaah lilamin a hralh bawk a, leiba rul seng lovin khawvel a chhuahsan ta a.
 

July 4, 1826-ah a boral a, a thih ni hi America-in Zelenna a neih kum sawmngana chiah a ni. A hnuk chah dawnin a chhung leh thianthate kokhawmin a bulah a thuttir a, an hnenah, “I have done for my country, and for all mankind, all that I could do, and I now resign my soul, without fear, to my God, to my daughters, to my country.” tih thu chu zawi te te in a sawi a, tichuan kum 83 mi niin thlamuan takin a chawl ta a.
 

July 5, 1826-ah a vuina huserh hman a ni a, a duhthusam ang ngeiin chhungkhat laina hriattir an ni lova, mahse a vuina hunserhah a thianthate leh sangawizawnpui zawng zawngte chu lo kalin a chhiahhlawh zawng zawngte nen a ruang an zui a, mi pangai vui angin Jefferson-a chu Rev. Charles Clay-an a chenna Monticello-ah a vui liam ta a. A thlan lungkerah chuan amah kut ngeia a a ziah, “Here Was Buried Thomas Jefferson Author Of The Declaration Of American Independence Of The Statute Of Virginia For Religious Freedom And Father Of The University Of Virginia,” tih a inziah a ni.
 

Hriatrengna leh chawimawina a dawnte
 

President Jefferson-a hian sulhnu chhui tur leh zir tur tam tak a hnutchhiah a, chawimawina leh lawmman pawh tam tak a dawng bawk a, a hming chawia thiltih hi hriatsen loh khawpin a tam a ni.
 
April 13, 1943 khan a pianchampha pha kum 200 hriatreng nan Jerfferson Memorial chu Washington DC-ah hlan a ni a, he hriatrengnaah hian amah Jefferson-a lim, ft. 19 (6 m) laia sang leh a lehkha lungkera ziahte a tel a. Chu lehkha chu mi zawng zawng hmuhtheih tura dah a ni a, a lehkha intarah chuan, “I have sworn upon the altar of god eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man,” tih a inziah a ni.

Kum 1856 khan U.S. dak thawnna pawisaah Thomas Jefferson lem chuantir a ni a, U.S. dak thawnna pawisaa President lim an chuantir zinga a pahnihna a ni. 

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