By: Joseph Saia (Australia)
“If you demand my person, I am ready to submit: carry me to prison or to death, I will not resist; but I will never betray the church of Christ. I will not call upon the people to succour me; I will die at the foot of the altar rather than desert it. The tumult of the people I will not encourage: but God alone can appease it.” (St. Ambrose’s word, standing before the judgement of Emperor Valentinian II)
Kum zabi palinaah khân Kristiante zîngah zirtîrna dik lo tam tak a lo chhuak a. Chûng zirtîrna dik lo lak aṭanga Chanchin Tha humhalh leh vên him chu a hun laia Kristiante mawhphurhna lian bera ngaih a ni. Kum zabi palina tâwp lam khân Kristian hruaitu ropui Bishop Ambrose-a chuan Chanchin Ṭha humhalh hna nasa takin a thawk a, Kristian hmasate zîngah chuan rinna dik humhalhtu (Defender of Faith) tiin an ko ṭhîn. Pathiana kan felna (Rigteousness) tih ṭawngkam pawh a hmang uar ber zînga mi a ni a, mi tam tak chuan ‘Felna Pa’ tiin an ko hial a ni. Original Doctor of the Church pali zînga chhiar tel a ni a. Amah hi Pathian thu duh fir tak ni mah se, kum 34 a tlin hma zawng kha chuan baptisma pawh a chang lo va, rawngbâwltu nihna pawh a la chelh hek lo.
Ambrose-a hi tûnlaia Western Germany kan tih Trier khuaa piang a ni a. A pa Aurelius Ambrosius-a chu Rom awpna Gallia ram chhûnga sipai officer zahawm leh nihna sâng tak chelhtu a ni a. (Gallia Province-ah hian tûna Britain, Spain leh Western Europe (Gaul) ram kan tih mai French, Luxembourg, Belgium, leh Switzerland ramte an tel tih hriat tûr) Kristian chhûngkua an nih angin pakhat leh pakhat an inzah tawnin an inhmangaih thiam hle a, mite fak leh chawimawi hlawh chhûngkua an ni. A nu chu nu fing leh fel tak a ni a, sakhaw lama mi invawng fel leh rinna kawnga nu entawn tlâk tak a ni bawk. A nu hian rinna kawngah a kaihruai ṭha hle a, Ambrose-a pawh hian sakhaw inzirtîrna khirh pui pui a paltlang tam hle a ni.
A pa thih hnu chuan an chhûngkuain Rom khuaah an pêm a, chutah chuan Ambrose-a’n zirna a ṭanin Literature, Rhetoric leh Law (Ukil hna)-te a zir a. A finna leh rorêl thiamna te avângin Italy rama rorêlna (court) sâng ber Praetorian Perfect-ah nihna sâng ber a chelh a. Dik tak leh fel taka rorêl mi a nih avângin a ram mipuite lâwm leh fak pawh a hlawh nasa hle a ni. Rom thuneitute chuan hun rei lo tê chhûngin Milan khua awpna hnuaia Liguria-ah leh Emilia-ah sawrkâr palai (Consular Magistrates) hna sâng tak an chelhtîr nghâl a. Milan khuaa bishop hna a chelh hma zawng kha chu Emilia leh Liguria-ah bawrhsap (Governor) nihna a chelh reng a ni.
A.D. 374 khân Arius-a zirtîrna pawmtu, Milan khaw bishop Auxentius-a chu a boral thut mai a. Chutia an pope ber a thih tâk si-ah chuan a aiawh tûr thlan a lo ṭûl ta a. Arius-a zirtîrna pawmtute leh kohhran ziding bêltute chuan an pâwla mi ngei ruat an duh ve ve avângin a aiawh tûr thlan chungchângah inhnialna nasa tak a lo chhuak a. Chu buaina chu reh mai lova a so sân zêl avângin Ambrose-a chu pawl pahnih inkâra thubuai rem fel tûra koh a ni a. Biak ina lo kal khâwm mipuite hnêna thu a sawi mêk lai chuan chung lam aṭangin naupang ‘aw’ ni âwm tak hian ring takin, “Ambrose-a hi bishop ni rawh se,” tiin a rawn au chiam a. Chu aw ring tak chu zâwmin mipui inkhâwmho zawng zawng pawhin, “Ambrose-a hi bishop ni rawh se,” tiin an au ta dur dur mai a, Ambrose-a chu Milan khaw bishop atân thlan a ni ta a ni.
Kum lam thua upa lutuk a nih loh avâng leh Pathian thu lama zirna sâng tak nei a nih loh avângin Ambrose-a chuan mipuite ngenna chu nasa takin a hnial a, kohhran aṭanga inthiarfihlîm hial a duh a ni. Nimahsela, Lalberin rem a tihpui hnu chuuan mipuite ngenna chu Pathian kohna aw a ni tih a hre chiang a, ni rei lo tê hnu chuan a hna sâng tak chelh chu bânsanin a hun leh nun pumpui chu Pathian thuzir nân leh rawngbâwl nân a hlân ta a ni. Chutia bishop atân thlan a nih hnu chuan tûn hma aṭanga a lo huphurh êm êm baptima pawh chu a chang nghâl a, chuta ṭanga ni riat niah chuan kum 34 mi Ambrose-a chu Milan khaw bishop atâna nemngheh a lo ni ta a ni.
Milan bishop atâna nemngheh a nih hnu chuan a neih thil zawng zawng zuarin mi rethei leh kohhran tân a hlân fai vek a. Tichuan, urhsûn takin Pathian thu a zir nghâl a. Amah hi ukil hna thawk a nih avângin thusawi a thiamin a rawngbâwlna kawngah a urhsûn hle a ni. Bishop hna a thawh tak tak hnu phei chuan thusawitu ropui tak a lo ni ta a. A thusawi zînga a uar ber pathum chu- Ringtute nun tihhmasâwn, Rinna dik lo laka invên fimkhur leh Thianghlimna te an ni. Sawrkâr palai hna a chelh laia finna a zir chhuah zawng zawngte chu kohhranah a seng lût vek a. Rorêl a thiamin thu leh hla lamah pawh a duai lo hle a. A hnuah phei chuan Latin ṭawnga thu leh hla phuah thiam ber tiin a hming a lâr hle a ni. A hla phuahte chu kohhranin vawiin thlengin a la vawng him tlat a. Ambrose-a ropuina leh hmingthanna ber chu a thlarau nun ril tak aṭanga ram hruaitute leh rorêltute a hneh theihna hi a ni. Dik tak leh fel taka rorêl a thiam êm avângin miten ‘Court Bishop’ tiin an ko hial a ni.
Rom rorêltu Emperor-te nên pawh an inpawh ṭha hle a, a bîk takin Rom khawchhak lam awptu Emperor Theodosius-a leh khawthlang lam ram awptu Emperor Gratian-a te nên inlaichînna ṭha tak an nei a ni. Ambrose-a chuan Emperor Gratian-a awpna hnuaia milem biakna a ṭhiat darh vek a. Emperor Gratian-a meuh pawhin Emperor Constantine-a lawm êm êm ‘Pontifix Marcious’ tia an kohna chu a hnâwl phah hial a ni. Bishop Ambrose-a chuan Greek ṭawng nasa takin a zir a. A bîk takin Thuthlung Hlui bute a zir ngawrh hle a. Lehkha a zir lai chuan ngawi rengin lehkha a chhiar mawlh mawlh ṭhîn a, a mit leh a ngaihtuahna te chu hmun dângah a dah ve ngai lo a ni.
Ambrose-a lehkha zir dân tam tak chu St. Augustine-a inpuanna lehkhabu Confessions-ah hmuh theih a ni. Augustine-a hi bishop Ambrose-a rawngbâwlna aṭanga piangthar a nih avângin Augustine-a hian Ambrose-a thil tih leh rawngbâwlna tam tak chu chhinchhiahin a dah ṭha a. A hun laia mi thiam leh mi finga an sawi Philo-a te, Origen-a te, Athanasius-a te, Caesarea-a te leh Basil-a te nên pawh Pathian Thu an zir ṭhîn a, lehkhate inthawnin an rinna leh ngaih dânte pawh an sawi ho fo a ni. Thuthlung Hlui hrilhfiahna a ziahte chu miten an ngaisâng hle a. Origen, Didymus (The blind), leh rinnaa a fapa bishop Augustine-a phei kha chuan Bishop Ambrose-a thuziakte an ngaisâng lehzual a, an nun pawh a tidanglam nasa hle a ni.
Bishop Ambrose-a hi Latin Kohhran Puipate hun laia Jerome-a te, Augustine-a leh Gregory Ropuia te ang bawka mite ngaihsân leh chawimawi hlawh a ni a. France mi fing St. Hilary-a anga lehkha thiam leh hmingthang tak niin Pathian thuah ngat phei chuan St. Hilary-a ai mahin a dinhmun a sâng zâwk an ti hial a ni. Milan-a rawng a bâwl lai khân rinnaa a fa Augustine-a chu zirna lamah nasa takin a kaihruai a, awm dân mawi leh nun dân ṭhate pawh a kawhhmuh nasa ṭhîn hle a ni. Vawi khat pawh Bishop Ambrose-an Augustine-a hnênah, “Rom khuaa rawng ka bâwl chuan Inrinniah chaw ka nghei a, Milan-a rawng ka bâwl erawh chuan Inrinniah ka nghei kher lo. Chu vâng chuan, nang pawh i rawngbâwlna kohhran kalphung zui la, i rawngbâwlna hmun leh ram azirin i rawngbâwlna i tidânglam ve mai tûr a ni,” tiin a sawi a. Hemi tuma a thusawi hi hun rei tak hnuah Sâp thufing kan tih fo, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do,” lo chhuahna bul niin an sawi nghe nghe.
Ambrose-a hian Pathian Thu a duh firin zirtîrna kawngah pawh a uluk hle a ni. Tîrhkoh Paula anga nupui nei lova awm chu ṭha ber leh chungnung ber niin a ngai a, nupui nei miah lovin a dam chhûng hun a hmang zo va. Hippo bishop Augustine-a pawh khân a inpuanna lehkhabu ropui tak Confessions-ah, “Bishop Ambrose-a kha khâwvela mi hlim ber niin ka hria. A chêtzia leh awm dânte kha fak a phu ngawih ngawih a, chawimawi leh zah a phu hliah hliah a ni. Amaherawhchu, nupui nei lova a awm hi hriat thiampui har tak chu a ni,” tiin Ambrose-a a fakna leh a zahna a ziak lang nghe nghe a ni.
Kristian thurin pawimawh tak tak a ziak nual a. Kristiante rinna puan chhuahna hmasa ber Apostol-te Thurin kan tih pawh hi a kutchhuak niin mi thiante chuan an sawi a. Kum zabi 4-na tâwp lam khân Milan Council-in Pope Siricius-a hnêna a thawn hnuah chauh he lehkha hi hmuh chhuah a ni. Apostol-te Thurin hi St. Ambrose-a’n Old Roman Creed aṭanga a siam niin mi thiamte chuan an sawi a; mahse, hetih lai hian Isua chu Pathian leh mihring a nihna famkim taka ziah lan a ni lo va. Thlarau Thianghlim nihna leh dinhmunte pawh sawi fiahna a awm loh avângin he Apostol-te Thurin hi famkim tâwk lova ngaih a ni.
Ambrose-a hun lai hian pipute sakhaw humhalh kawnga hma lâkna leh milem biakna sakhua a rawn lâr chho nasa hle a. A bîk takin Nike/Victoria an tih Roman-ho pathiannu tâna Hnehna Maichâm ‘The Altar of Victory’ din thar leh tumna lian tak a awm a. Rom ram rorêltute (Senator) khân he hnehna maichâmah hian kum zabi tam tak rinawm takin inthawina an lo hlân tawh ṭhîn a. Rom rorêlna sâng (Roman Senate) ah pawh inhnialna nasa tak a chhuah phah hial a ni. He pathiannu, Hnehna Maichâm (The Altar of Victory) hi Emperor Octovian (Augustus)-an Actium indona (Battle of Actium)-a Roman General thiltithei ber Mark Antony-a leh Aigupta lalnu Cleopatra-i te a hnehna hriat rengna atâna a din a ni a. B.C. 29-ah khân Rom rorêlna sâng Roman Senate House (Curia)-a lak luh a ni. He pathiannu hi hnehna entîrna a nih avângin Roman-ho chuan Nike pathiannu chu ‘Victoria’ tih pawhin an ko bawk.
Kristian Emperor Constantius II-a lal lai (A.D. 357) khân Nike pathiannu chu Kristianna avângin hnâwl bo tawh ni mah se, amah rawn thlâktu Emperor Julian-a khân Constantine-a thiltih zawng zawng chu hnâwlin Nike pathiannu lim chu a rawn din thar leh a. Emperor Gratian-a lal lai (A.D. 382) khân Nike pathiannu chu lak bo leh a ni. Gratian-a boral hnu chuan Rom rorêltute zînga Senator thiltithei tak Quintus Aurelius Symmachus-a chuan A.D. 384-ah khân Rom pipute sakhua vawng nunga Nike pathiannu pawh Hnehna Maichâma la lût leh tûrin Emperor Valentian II-na hnênah lehkha a thawn a. Victoria pathiannu hnêna inthawina hlan leh a, ropui taka din thar leh tûrin a ngên a ni. Senator Symmachus-an politics leh hnam nunphung hmanga Kristianna dan beh tuma Victoria pathiannu din thar leh a tumna chu Ambrose-a hian nasa takin a lo dodâl a ni.
Ambrose-a hian a hun laiin Roman pipute sakhua biakna (Rome’s Religious Traditions) leh milem biakna (Paganism) a do nasa hle a. Milem biakna sakhua dona ‘The Goodness of Death’ tih lehkhabu ropui tak a ziak nghe nghe a ni. Pipute sakhua leh milem biakna sakhua dodâl a, hun rei tak an inbeih hnu chuan Emperor Valentian II-a chuan Senator Symmachus-a ngênna chu a lo hnâwlsak a. Rom rorelna Inpui (Senate House)-a an milim siam ropui ber ‘Altar of Victory’ pawh lâk bo a lo ni ta a. Ambrose-a thawhrimna leh huaihawtna avângin Emperor Gratian-a te, Valentinian-a leh Theosius I te hun lai khân Rom pum puia milem biakna nuai bo tûra hma lâk a ni a. Emperor Theodosius-a khân A.D. 391-ah milem biakna nuai bo vek tûra thupêk Theodosian Decrees a chhuah a. Kum zabi 4-na tâwp lam phei kha chuan Rom ram pum puiah pipute sakhua leh milem biakna nuai chimih vek a lo ni a, sawrkârin a hriatpui Catholic kohhran chauh lo chu kohhran dâng reng reng din phal a ni lo.
Kum zabi pahnihna aṭang tawh khân zirtîrna dik lo chuan kohhran a chawk buai nasa êm êm mai a, chûng zînga a lâr zualte chu Gnosticism leh Arianism an tih te hi a ni. Hêng hun laia zirtîrna dik leh dik lo an tehna ṭawngkam ber chu Catholic (khâwvel pum huap) kohhran tih hi a ni a. Alexandria bishop Arius-a chuan Isua chu chatuan mi (eternity), Pathian famkim (fully God) a ni lo va, Pathian aia hnuai deuh zâwk (semi-god), nihna thuhmun lo leh intluk tlâng lo, thiltihtheihna leh thuneihnaah pawh Pa Pathian aia hnuai deuh zâwk niin a zirtîr a. He thurin avâng hian kohhranah buaina nasa tak a chhuah phah a ni. Kohhrana buaina a sosân zêl avângin Rom lalber Constantine-a chuan kohhran thurin chungchâng ching fel tûrin khâwvel huap inkhâwmpui (Ecumenical Council) chu A.D. 325 khân Nicaea khawpuiah a ko ta a. (Nicaea hi Turkey ram, Istanbul (Constantinople) chhim lama awm a ni. Byzantine hun lai khân Constantinople dawta an khawpui ber a ni.) Nicaea Council-ah hian bishop 300 rual an kal khâwm a. Chûng bishop-te chuan Arius-a zirtîrna chu hnâwlin, ‘Pathian pakhata mi pathum’ (Trinitas) tih thurin chu lungrual takin an pawm a. Nicene thurin (Nicene Creed) hi vawiin thlengin kohhranhoten thurin pawimawh berah kan la hmang chhunzawm zêl a ni.
Arius-a leh a hnungzuiten khawchhak kohhran zîngah buaina an siam chhunzawm zêl avângin Emperor Theodosius I chuan A.D. 381 khân Constantinople-ah inkhâwmpui a ko leh a, he inkhâwmpui hi (Constantinople Council) tia mi tam zâwkten kan hriat kha a ni. Emperor Theodosius I chuan Petera zirtîrna zawng zawng pawm vek tûrin thuchhuah a siam a. Chumi hnu chuan Constantinople rorêlna sâng (Council of Constantinople)-ah Catholic tih chu Rom sawrkâr hriatpui kohhran a lo ni ta a. Rom kohhran chuan tisa leh thlarau lamah lû ber nihna a rawn chelh ta a. Kohhran piang chhuak tawh phawt chu a thu hnuaiah a dah zêl a, chutianga thuneihna sâng tak a neih avâng chuan bishop pawhin ‘Pope’ tih hming thar a lo neih phah ta hial a ni.
Nicaea rorêlna chu Rom ram thlang lam awptu Emperor Gratian-a pawhin a thlawp a. Mahse, a unau Valentinian I erawh chuan Arian-ho zirtîrna a pawm zawk a, Rom thlang lama kohhranhote zîngah buaina nasa tak a chhuah phah a ni. Nicaea rorêlna chu Rom chhak lama rorêltu Emperor Theodosius I pawhin a thlâwp bawk a, sakhaw rawngbâwltu zîngah pawh Arius-a zirtîrna pawm tam tak an awm bawk a ni.
A.D. 383-ah Flavius Magnus Maximus Augustus-a chuan Rom thlang lam awptu Emperor Gratian-a lal ṭhutthleng a rawn chuh a. Emperor Theodosius I nên inbe remin Maximus-a chu Britannia leh French rama emperor atân nemngheh a ni a. Maximus-a chuan Emperor Gratian-a lalramte chu lâk tumin hma a la a. Gratian-a chu Paris indonaah a hneh nghâl a. A.D. 383, August ni 25-ah Lyon indonah Emperor Gratian-a chu thah a ni. Gratian-a unau pa Valentinian II chuan Italy, Pannonia, Hispania leh Africa ram zawng a awp a. A.D. 384-ah Emperor Maximus-a leh a sipai rualte chuan Italy an rûn avângin Bishop Ambrose-a chu Emperor Maximus-a nêna remna thu sawi tûra tirh a ni a. Ambrose-a chuan French leh Italy chunga kut lek lo tûrin leh inbengdai tûrin Emperor Maximus-a chu nasa takin a thlêm a, hun eng emaw chen chu Emperor pawh a inbengdai a. Ambrose-an remna palai hna thawka hma a lâk avângin Valentinian II, Theodosius I leh Maximus-te chu an inrem thei ta a, chu inremna avâng chuan Maximus-a pawh Augustus tia hriat lâr a lo ni ta a ni.
Emperor Maximus-a chuan French rama Augusta Treverorum (Trier) chu a khawpui atân a siam a. Britain, Gaul, Spain leh Africa ramte a awp a, a lalna leh thuneihna chu a nasa hle a ni. A.D. 387-ah Kristiante chu Rom khuaa Juda-ho biak in haltu-ah a puh a, Ambrose-a pawhin chu chu thu dik lo hulhual a ni tiin a chhâl a, mi tam tak chuan Emperor Maximus-a chu Juda mi a ni ta em ni, an ti hial a ni.
Emperor Maximus-a chuan Valentinian II chu Milan khua chhuahsan vat tûra a tihluih tlat avângin Lalnu Justina leh a fapa Valentinian II te chu Emperor Theodosius I hnênah an tlânchhia a. Bishop Ambrose-a erawh chu Milan khuaa a member-te humhalh tumin a tlânchhe ve duh lo a ni . Valentinian II leh Theodosiu I te chu ṭang tlângin A.D. 388-ah Rom chhak lama Maximus-a sipaite an bei ṭan a. A.D. 388-a Battle of the Save indonaah Emperor Maximus-a leh a sipaite chu an tlâwm ta a ni.
Emperor Theodosius-a leh Lalnu Justina-i ten inremna an siam avângin Emperor Theodosius-a chuan a ram zau tak a chang leh a. Chutih lai chuan tu tih hriat loh mi sual hovin Thessalonia khuaa Governor an that a. Chu thil avâng chuan Emperor Theodosius-a chuan A.D. 390-ah Thessalonica mipui 7,000 zet a tihlum a. Chutianga dik lo taka thil a tih avâng chuan Ambrose-a pawhin Emperor Theodosius-a chu kohhran aṭanga hnawh chhuah hial a tum a. Davida anga inchhira inlamlêt tûrin Emperor chu a ngên a, Theodosius-an a sual a puan hnuah chauh kohhran chhûnga lâk luh leh a ni. Hei hian Ambrose-a rawngbâwlna a tilang fiah lehzual a, Rom thlang lama kohhran dinhmun pawh fiah takin a hriat theih a ni.
Emperor Constantine-a hun lai aṭang khân zirtîrna dik lo (Arianism) chuan kohhran a chawk buai nasa tawh hle a, Ambrose-a rawngbâwlna hmun Milan khua thleng a fan chhuak a. A.D. 386-ah Arius-a zirtîrna pawmtu Lalnu Empress Justina, a fapa Valentinian II leh kohhran upa (clergy & laity) te chuan Milan khuaa Kristiante Biak In pahnih Basilica leh St. Victory chu Arian bishop Auxentius-a leh a ṭhuihruaite hman atâna lâksak tûrin thuchhuah an siam a. Mahse, Ambrose-a leh a hnungzuiten rem an tih loh avângin Arius-a pâwlte chuan tharum thawha pâwng lâk an tum ta a. Bishop Ambrose-a pawh awm hle hle thei lovin Emperor Valentinian II hnênah an thubuai chu a thlen a. Valentinian II khâwnbâwlte chuan Biak In hmun zâtve chu phal taka pe ve mai tûrin thurâwn an lo pe a. Mahse, bishop Ambrose-a chuan an thurâwn chu a pawm lo a ni.
Court rorêlna thuchhuak chu dodâlin, “Ka taksa hi hlân tûra min ngên a nih chuan eng lai pawhin ka inpeih reng e. Tân inah min dah emaw, thi tûra ka chungthu in rêl emaw pawh ni se ka hnial lul lo. Eng ang pawhin ka chungthu rêl mah ula, Krista leh a kohhran chu phatsan ka tum rêng rêng lo. He thil avâng hian mi dang tu mah rinchhan ka tum lo va, ka lama ṭang tûra hui khâwm pawh ka tum bawk hek lo. Krista leh a kohhran ka phatsan ai chuan Pathian maichâm hmaa thih pawh ka thlang zâwk a ni. Mihringte buaina chu keiin ka su kiang vek thei lo va, an lungawi lohna pawh ka tidai thei bawk hek lo. Chu chu Pathian chauhvin a ti thei a, Pathian kuta awm a ni,” tiin rorêltute chu huaisen takin a chhâng a. Bishop Ambrose-a leh Kristian mi huaisen tak tak te chuan Pathian hlate sain Biak In hmun chu an chênchilh tlat a, a tâwpah chuan Arius-a leh a hnungzuitute chu beidawngin an tlâwm ta der mai a, lalnu Justina-i pawhin tihngaihna a hre rêng rêng lo a ni.
Rom chhak lam awptu Emperor Theodosius I lal lai khân kohhran leh sawrkâr rorêlna chu inkawp tlat a la ni a, sawrkâr inawpna leh kalphungah pawh kohhran hi a inrawlh thûk hle a ni. Emperor Constantine-an Melvian Bridge indonaa hnehna a chan hnu phei kha chuan Kristiante dinhmun leh nihna a sâng chho hle a, sawrkâr rorêlna leh inawpna zawng zawngah kohhran a inrawlh vek tih theih a ni. Rom awp ram chhûnga Kristiante leh kohhran thuneihna a sân em avângin kohhran pawh hian sawrkâr thila inhnamhnawih chu a tih tûr ang hialin a ngai a, he ngaih dân hi hun laihâwl (A.D. 500-1500) thleng khân Western Europe-ah kalpui a ni a, Martin Luther-a hun thleng khân kohhran thuneihna chuan sawrkâr a thunun nasa hle a ni.
Bishop Ambrose-a khân kohhran leh sawrkâr rorêlna inkawp tlat chu thil ṭha niin a hre lo va. Kohhran leh sawrkâr a kal tlân apianga buaina a chhuah fo avângin kohhran leh sawrkâr chu a hranga awm (Separation of Church and State) tûrin a duh a ni. Rom ram bung hrang hranga Kristianna a lo ngheh hnuah erawh kohhran leh sawrkâr rorêlna pawh ṭhen hran a lo ni ta a. Hetianga hlawhtlinna duhawm tak hi bishop Ambrose-a thusawi ropui tak “Pathian thilah chuan ram awptu Emperor pawh hian thuneihna leh thiltihtheihna a nei tûr a ni lo,” tih aṭanga lo irh chhuak ta a ni.
Chu a thusawi avâng chuan buaina nasa tak a lo chhuak a. A.D. 385-ah khân Kristian mi ṭhenkhat chuan Juda-ho Biak In (Synagogue) an tichhia a, Emperor Theodosius-a ṭhînrim chuan bishop Ambrose-a chu rorêlna hmaah kovin a sum leh pai sênga sa ṭha leh tûrin a ti a. Mahse, bishop Ambrose-a chuan Emperor thuchhuah chu pawm duh lovin,“Khawtlâng inkaihruaina dân hi sakhaw hnuaiah a awm tûr a ni,” tiin lehkha a thawn a. Emperor Theodosius-a hma ngeiah pawh chu thu chu huai takin a sawi a, Emperor pawh chuan a thusawi chu a sût lêt leh ta ringawt mai a ni.
Bishop Ambrose-a hian rorêlna dik leh fel a ngainat êm avângin leh mihringte chunga khawngaihna leh lainatna a ngah em avângin a hun tâwp lam thlengin bishop nihna leh mipuite rorêl hna (stateman) chu rinawm takin a thawk kawp a, a hnathawh ropui ber chu Kohhran kut hnuaia sawrkâr thuneihna a dah thei hi a ni. Kum zabi palina tâwp lam chuan Rom ram pum puiah milem biakna a chuai telh telh a, Bishop Ambrose-a kaltlangin Kohhran pawh a lo ṭhang chho zêl a. A.D. 395-ah Emperor Theodosius-a chu Milan khuaah a boral a. Kum hnih hnu A.D. 397, April ni 4-ah bishop Ambrose-a pawh Milan khuaah bawk a boral a, a ruang chu St. Ambrogio-ah an zalh a, vawiin thleng hian hmuh theihin a la awm reng a ni. Bishop Ambrose-a thih hnu chuan a hnungzuitu Simplician-a chuan Milan-a a rawngbâwlna a chhunzawm ta a ni.
A lehkhabu ziahte:
Bishop Ambrose-a hian Pathian thu bu tam tak a ziak a, a bîk takin sual chungchâng, Pathian khawngaihna, Thlarau Thianghlim, ringtu nun leh rinna chungchângte a ziak tam hle a ni. A hnuaia lehkhabute hi bishop Ambrose-a kutchhuakte an ni a, a ṭhen hmuh chhuah zawh tawh loh a awm nual bawk tih hriat tel tûr a ni.
1. De fide ad Gratianum Augustum (On Faith, to Gratian Augustus)
2. De Officiis Ministrorum (On the Offices of Ministers, an ecclesiastical handbook modeled on Cicero's De
Officiis)
3. De Spiritu Sancto (On the Holy Ghost)
4. De incarnationis Dominicae sacramento (On the Sacrament of the Incarnation of the Lord)
5. De mysteriis (On the Mysteries)
6. Expositio evangelii secundum Lucam (Commentary on the Gospel according to Luke)
7. Ethical works: De bono mortis (Death as a Good); De fuga saeculi (Flight From the World); De institutione virginis et sanctae Mariae virginitate perpetua ad Eusebium (On the Birth of the Virgin and the Perpetual Virginity of Mary); De Nabuthae (On Naboth); De paenitentia (On Repentance); De paradiso (On Paradise); De sacramentis (On the Sacraments); De viduis (On Widows); De virginibus (On Virgins); De virginitate (On Virginity); Exhortatio virginitatis (Exhortation to Virginity); De sacramento regenerationis sive de philosophia (On the Sacrament of Rebirth, or, On Philosophy)
8. Homiletic commentaries on the Old Testament: the Hexaemeron(Six Days of Creation); De Helia et ieiunio (On Elijah and Fasting); De Iacob et vita beata (On Jacob and the Happy Life); De Abraham; De Cain et Abel; De Ioseph (Joseph); De Isaac vel anima (On Isaac, or The Soul); De Noe (Noah); De interpellatione Iob et David (On the Prayer of Job and David); De patriarchis (On the Patriarchs); De Tobia (Tobit); Explanatio psalmorum (Explanation of the Psalms); Explanatio symboli (Commentary on the Symbol).
9. De obitu Theodosii; De obitu Valentiniani; De excessu fratris Satyri (funeral orations)
10. 91 letters
11. A collection of hymns
12. Fragments of sermons
A hla phuahte:
Kum zabi palina bâwr vêla hla phuah thiam bera an sawi chu France mi St. Hilary-a kha a ni a, a dawtah chuan Milan bishop Ambrose-a hi a ni. A hun lai chuan hla sak ai mahin a chhama chham a tam zâwk a, Biak Inahte pawh an hla phuahte chu an chham mup mup ṭhîn a ni. Hetih lai hian hla phuah lamah hma an sâwn chak lo hle a, an hla phuah chhunte pawh Lal Davida hla phuah anga siam psalmody leh hymns kan tih ang hi a ni deuh ber a. Hla pakhatah a thunawn tlar 4 chiah a awm ṭhîn a ni. Hun laihâwl (A.D. 590-604) bâwr vêl khân Pope Gregory Ropuia chuan Gregorian Chant an tih a rawn siam chhuak a; mahse, hei pawh hi tûnlaia kan hla ang ni lo, a chhama chham chi tho a ni.
Bishop Ambrose-a hian hla a phuah nual a, a hla phuahte chu fakna hla hymns kan tih ang hi a ni. St. Augustine-a a baptis ṭum pawh khân Te Deum tih hymn hla an sa a, hei hi ama phuah ngei a nih an ring a ni.
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